PPT Slide

Components of Internal Energy

Contributions to the kinetic energy:

• The molecule moving through space, Ek(translation)

• The molecule rotating, Ek(rotation)

• The bound atoms vibrating, Ek(vibration)

• The electrons moving within each atom, Ek(electron)

Contributions to the potential energy:

• Forces between the bound atoms vibrating, Ep(vibration)

• Forces between nucleus and electrons and between electrons in each atom, Ep(atom)

• Forces between the protons and neutrons in each nucleus, Ep(nuclei)

• Forces between nuclei and shared electron pair in each bond, Ep(bond)

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