Faults
 
Breaks/fractures in the Earth’s crust along which movement has occurred.

Faults with inclined fault planes have footwalls (under the fault plane) and hanging walls (above the fault plane).
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The general term of "dip-slip faults" is given to faults where there is vertical movement along the fault plane.

Fault planes can become mineralized (form a channel for mineralizing fluids).

Faults are classified according to their relative motion:
Normal Fault: hanging wall has dropped relative to the footwall.
Reverse Fault: footwall has dropped relative to the hanging wall
A reverse fault is classified as a thrust fault if the fault plane has a shallow dip (<45˚).

Lateral or Strike Slip faults have almost vertical fault planes and show offsets in a horizontal plane.
Right-lateral strike-slip faults – the block on the opposite side of the fault has moved to the right and vice versa for left-lateral faults.