SPECIFIC GRAVITY


Specific gravity of a mineral is the weight of that mineral divided by the weight of an equal volume of water (unitless property). Most rock-forming minerals have specific gravities of 2.6 to 3.4.  The ore minerals are heavier (5 to 8).


Ice:                    0.9
Quartz:              2.65
Most silicates:    2.5-3.0
Galena              7.5
Gold               19.3


Relative specific gravity: take two minerals of about the same size, one in each hand, and you can tell which is the heavier or has the higher specific gravity.