Of God and His Creatures

That Subsistent Intelligences are Voluntary Agents

GOOD is what all things yearn after, and in all beings there is a craving (appetitus) for good. In beings unendowed with any sort of cognition, this craving is called 'physical appetite' (appetitus naturalis) .* In beings that have sensitive cognition it is called 'animal appetite,' and is divided into 'concupiscible' and 'irascible.'* In intelligent beings it is called the 'intellectual' or 'rational appetite,' otherwise the 'will.'


2.46 : That it was necessary for the Perfection of the Universe that there should be some Intellectual Natures
2.48 : That Subsistent Intelligences have Free Will