Equilibria Involving Complex Ions
A complex ion consists of a central metal ion covalently bonded
to two or more anions (or molecules) called ligands. Ionic ligands include
hydroxide (OH-), chloride (Cl-) and cyanide (CN-) anions. Water, CO
and NH3 are examples of molecular ligands.
All complex ions are Lewis adducts. The metal acts as a Lewis acid
and the ligand acts as a Lewis base.
We will consider equilibria of hydrated ions with ligands
other than water.
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