INDEX.

ABSTRACT CONCEPTS. See Concept.
ABSTRACTION, and attention 232, 233, 236, 250; intuitive 294; comparative 299; scholastic theory of 305, 313; meanings of 307.
ACCIDENT. See Substance.
ACTIVE, powers 34, 208; touch 74-78; intellect 308.
ACTUS elicitus 217; humanus 395.
AESTHETIC emotions 435-440.
AGNOSTICISM, Spencer on 122; outcome of monism 524.
ALTRUISM 280, 430.
ANALYSIS of sensation 48; and synthesis 298; of judgment 315-318; of ratiocination 320 seq.
ANALYTIC judgments 266, 289.
ANGER and Fear 429, 430.
ANIMALS, psychology of 34, 15; 579 seq.; its difficulties 580; sentient 582; irrational 583 seq.; instinct of 586 seq.; souls of 593.
ANTINOMIES, Kant's 267.
APPERCEPTION, Leibnitz on 263; transcendental unity of 266; historical sketch 358; nature of 359, 360; and perception 359; and education 360.
APPETENCY, faculties of 29; sensuous 208-220; and movement 210; rational 378 seq.; and emotion 426, 428.
APPETITUS; elicitus et naturalis 208; irascibilis 209, 426.
A PRIORI FORMS, Kant's 117 seq., 267; Spencer on 286.
ASSENT and consent 318, 319.
ASSISTANCE, theory of 258, 553.
ASSOCIATION, mental and idealism 110-114; and perception 125 seq.; and memory 180 seq.; laws of 181 seq.; reduction of laws 184 seq.; physiological counterpart 188; cooperative and obstructive 189; secondary laws 190; history of doctrine 205 seq.; indissoluble 204; and the beautiful 437.
ASSOCIATIONISM, school of 230; and necessary truth 282-286; and conscience 337-340.
ATTENTION, motor force of 219; supra-sensuous 232, 233; Balmez and Lotze on 243-247; and abstraction 297, 298; special treatment of 345 seq.; expectant 259, 350; and volition 346, 406; and genius 351.
AUDITORY Perception 145, 146.
AUTOMATA, conscious 503, 582.
AUTOMATIC movement 218.
AXIOMS, cf. Necessary truths.

BEAUTY, cognition of 166, 435 438.
BEING, idea of, Rosmini on 264; origin of 296, 297.
BELIEF, history of views on 326-328; nature of 328; and knowledge 329, 330; causes and reasons of 331-334; effects 335.
BERKELEYAN theory of vision s08.
BINOCULAR vision 142-144.
BODY, perception of my own 104, 105, 127-132; idealist theory of 110-113; primary qualities of 152 seq.; dependence of mind on 499 seq.; union with soul 553 seq.
BRAIN, structure of 44, 45; development of 150-152; relation to thought 241, 468-470, 496-502; functions of 564-572.
BRIDGMAN, case of Laura 135.

CATEGORIES, Kantian 267, 268.
CAUSES, Aristotle's four
CAUSALITY, Hume on 110; Kant 119, 120; principle of 291; notion of 368-370; and freewill, principle of 419.
CHARACTER 391-393.
CHEMISTRY, MENTAL 204.
CHILD, growth of knowledge of its own body 131, 132; of other objects 133, of other minds 134, of distance 141; growth of its brain 150, 151; periods of development 151, 152; its memory 200; power of movement 212-217; its intellect 297-302; acquisition of language 303; powers of attention 354; consciousness of self 361 seq.; cognition of time 373 seq.; self-control 387.
CHOICE, deliberate 382; and freewill 409-411.
CO-ACTION, physical 395.
COENESTSIESIS 63, 69, 71.
COGITO, ERGO SUM, Descartes' Starting-point 257, 258.
COGNITION. See Knowledge.
COLOUR, sensations of 84, 85; blindness 173.
COMMON sensibility 69; sense 96; sensibiles 153 seq.
COMPARATIVE Psychology 15, seq.; abstraction 298.
COMPARISON, Supra-sensuous 233, 242-246; and discrimination 298, 299; and judgment 315.
CONATION, 30, 384. See Appetency.
CONCEPTS, nature of abstract and universal 235-238, 240; controversy on 248-251; Bain, Sully, and Stout on 272-278; formation of 292 seq.; Aquinas on 304-313; direct and reflex universal 294, 295, 310; and spirituality of soul 467, 471, 472.
CONCEPTUALISM 248. See Concepts.
CONSCIENCE, scholastic view of 335; modern theories of 336-344; authority and genesis of 339, 340; a spring of action 342; sentiments of 440, 441.
CONSCIOUSNESS and Psychology 11, 26; latent 355; grades of 361; development of 362; unity of 240, 366; discontinuity of 366; duality of 106, 466; douhle g, 487-492; and freewill 406-413.
CONSENT and Assent 318, 319; and free-will 409-412.
CONSERVATION of energy 421, 517.
CONTACT, sense of 71 seq.; double 131.
CONTIGUITY, association by 583, 186, 187, 188.
CONTINUITY of pleasure 223, 225; attention 348; of consciousness 366.
CONTRAST, association by 181, 184; feelings of 224, 225, 432, 433, 436.
CORRESPONDING points of retina 142.
COSMOLOGY, and Metaphysics 3; and Psychology 6.
CREATION of soul 573 seq.; Ladd on 576.
CRITICISM, Kant's theory of 265 seq.
CURIOSITY 433, 434.

DARWINISM. Cf. Evolution.
DECISION 382,409-411.
DEDUCTIVE method in psychology 5, 18, 461; reasoning 321, 322.
DELIBERATE action 381, 395, 408.
DELUSION and illusion 171.
DESIRE and belief 172, 333 analyzed 378; and pleasure 379; Aquinas on 380; volition and intention 384; and free-wilt 4I7.
DETERMINISM 394 seq.; and fatalism 397-398.
DEVELOPMENT, of external perception 125 seq.; cerebral and mental 150-152; of power of movement 212-217; of thought and conccption 295 seq.; of self. consciousness 361 seq.; of cognition of time 373 seq.; of selfcontrol 385-392; of language 456 seq.
DISCIPLINE, moral 390, 391.
DISCRIMINATION 232, 272, 273, 298, 315.
DISTANCE, perception of 139 seq.
DOGMATISM and criticism 266.
DOUBLE contact 131; consciousness 487-492; aspect theory 492, 505 seq. See Monism.
DOUBT, Cartesian 257, 258.
DREAMS, nature of 176-178.
DUALISM, epistemological 102 seq.; psychological 553.

EDUCATION of senses 125 seq. of memory 200; of locomotive faculty 212-217; of attention 354; and apperception 360; of will 385 seq.; and rivalry 434.
EGO and MIND I, 2, 104 seq.; cognition of 361 seq.; false theories of 474 seq.; mutations of 487 seq. See also Self and Mind.
EMOTIONS 221, 425 seq.; various 227; and emotion 425 seq.; 427 seq.; genesis and nature of genesis and nature of 443; Aquinas on 444; classification of 446; expression of 449.
EMPIRICAL PSYCHOLOGY 3-5, 19, 26, 394, 460. See Experimental.
EMPIRICISM 230, 254, 270, 475.
ENERGY, conservation of 421, 5I2-524.
ENTELECHY 560, 561.
EPISTEMOLOGY 98, 271, 368.
ESSENCE, abstraction of 302, 305, 307, 312; and Substance 559.
ETHICS and Psychology 8; and genesis of conscience 337 seq. and free-will 399 seq.; and immortality 529 seq.
EVOLUTION, and intuitive necessary truths 286; and conscience 340, 341; and expression of emotions 450-454; and efficiency of mind 513, 514; and origin of soul 578; and origin of instinct 588 seq.
EXPECTATION, 219, 350, 376, 377.
EXPERIMENTAL Psychology 17, 54-61, 137-139.
EXPRESSION of emotions 449 seq.
EXTENSION, tactual 73; visual 87; immediate perception of 106; abstract idea of 371 virtual of the soul 469.
EXTERNAL WORLD, reality of 99 seq.; perception of 101 seq.

FACULTIES. dehoed 28, 36; classification of 28 seq.; attacks on 36-39; mutual relations of 39, 40; intellectual 229 seq.
FALLACY and illusion 171.
FANCY 170.
FATALISM and determinism 397, 398.
FEELING, defined 221; faculty of 221, 226, 442, 443; Aristotle's theory 222 seq.; modern theories 226 seq.; nature of 40, 41, 226,
FORM, Kantian 117 seq., 263-270; and matter 555-558.
FORMAL OBJECT 64, 96, 241, 305.
FREE-WILL 394 seq.; and Psychology 394; defined 395; proof ethical 398; psychological 406; metaphysical 413; objections against 416 seq.
FUNCTION and faculty 28, 29, 314, 320; of the brain 565.
FUNDAMENTAL sense 94, 95.

GENERAL notion. See Concept.
GENERALIZATION 294, 295, 299.
GENERATIONISM 572.
GENERIC images 237; Sully, Stout, and Peillaube on 276-278.
GENESIS and validity of cognition 98 seq.; of belief 283; of moral judgments 339, 340; of conceptions 367.
GENETIC METHOD 14.

HABIT 183, 188, 190, 388 seq.
HALLUCINATION 171-179.
HEARING, sense of 80-83; perceptions by 145.
HEDONISTIC PARADOX 380.
HEURISTIC METHOD 256.
HYPNOTISM, history of 594; induction of 595; nature of 595 seq.; theories of 598; phenomena 599 seq.; ethics of 601.
HYPOTHETICAL REALISM 102 seq.

IDEAS, Hume's view of 110; and impressions 163; association of 181 Seq.; motor force of 218, 219; universal 235-238; controversy about 247 seq.; origin of 252 seq.; theory of innate 253, 257, 265; adventitious 257. See Concepts.
IDEALISM, theory of 99, 108 seq.; and physical science 113, 114; and other minds 100, 111, 116; various meanings of 263; German 270; and materialism 114, 271; monistlc 494.
IDEALIZATION 166, 167.
IDENTITY, recognition of 195, 238, 240; consciousness of 362-366; mind's 464 seq.; Hume, Mill, and James on 475 seq.; ruptures of 487 seq.
IDENTITY-HYPOTHESIS 515.
ILLATIVE FACULTY 332.
ILLUSIONS 171-179.
IMAGES, Aquinas on 86; and impressions 163 ; and concept 273-276; generic 237, 276-278.
IMAGINATION, sensuous 92, 164 seq.; productive 165; aesthetic 166; scientific 167; and illusions 171 seq.
IMITATION 214, 456.
IMMORTALITY 525 seq.; and Theism 525; teleological proof of 526; ethical 529; universal belief in 533; ontological proof 533; objections to 537 seq.
IMPULSIVE ACTION 211 seq., 381, 384.
INNATE ideas 253, 255-257, 265; intuitions 282, 283.
INCONCElVABILITY of opposite as test of truth 283-288.
INDISSOLUBLE association 283, 329.
INDUCTIVE method in Psychology 5, 6, II seq., 460; reasoning 321, 322.
INERTIA, Law of 517, 523.
INFERENCE, unconscious 28, 107, 127 ; analysed 320-324.
INFINITE, idea of 370, 371.
INSEPARABLE association 283, 329.
INSTINCT 213 seq.; and voluntary action 214, 216, 384; moral 337; expressive 449 seq.; animal 586; origin of 588 seq.
INTELLECT and sense-perception 126; supra-sensuous 229 seq., 467; functions of 292 seq., 314.
INTELLECTUS AGENS 303 seq.; possibilis 308.
INTENTION and motive 384, 385.
INTENTIONALIS 30, 52.
INTEREST 353, 354.
INTERNAL senses 32, 93-96.
INTROSPECTION, method of 11 seq. ; difficulties of 20 seq.; how improved 25.
INTUITION, intellectual of necessary truth 289-291; moral 337.

JUDGMENT, supra-Sensuous 233-235, 243; synthetic a priori 266; defined 314.; analysis of 315-318; moral 337.

KNOWLEDGE of mental states 11 seq.; faculties of 51 seq.; scholastic view of 51 seq., 304 seq.; genesis and validity of 98, 324, 325, 339, 367; of other minds 110, 111, 116, 133, 514; of extension 101 seq., 137; of animal minds 580; relativity of 157-161; theories of general 255 seq.; and belief 329, 330; of self 361 seq., of the soul's nature 459 seq.

LANGUAGE and Psychology 13, 14; and thought 302, 303; and freewill 405, 406; origin of 454-458; cerebral seat of 567, 568; peculiar to man 585.
LAUGHTER 439, 440, 445.
LIBERTY, physical and moral 395.
LIFE, future 525 seq.; origin of 547; definitions of 551, 552. See Soul.
LOCAL character of sensations 73; signs 130, 131, 136.
LOCALIZATION of sensations 128 seq.; of brain functions 565 seq.
LOCOMOTIVE faculty 211 seq., 220.
LOCUS of the soul 562 seq.
LOGIC and Psychology 7; of cognitions 325, 326; of practical life 324, 325.
LUDICROUS 439, 440, 445.

MATERIA PRIMA 556.
MATERIAL WORLD. See Idealism.
MATERIALISM 230, 495 seq.; and Idealism 114, 271.
MATHEMATICAL conceptions 250, 251. See Necessary truths.
MATTER and form 555-558, 560.
MEASUREMENT of sensation 54 seq.
MEMORY 179 seq.; defined 179; and reproduction 180; and recollection 181; and association 182 seq.; and retention 191; and recognition 195; intellectual 197-199; training of 2oo; and abiding identity 464-466.
MENTAL STATES, simplicity of 47, 48, 80, 510, 511.
MERIT and free-will 401, 402.
METAPHYSICS and Psychology 3, 394, 460; and perception 98; and conservation of energy 520. See Philosophy.
METEMPSYCHOSIS 573.
METHOD of Psychology 13 seq., 460.
MIND, defined I, 2; difficulties of studying 19 seq.; and its faculties 36; a real unity 39, 464-467; Idealism and other minds too, 111, 116, 133, 514; distinguished from Ego 1, 2, 104, 558; unconscious modifications of 355-357; cognition of 361 seq.; identity of 464 seq.; real efficiency of 513-515. See also Soul.
MIND-STUFF 506, 510, 511.
MINIMA VISIBILIA 355, 356.
MONADS, Leibnitz's 262.
MONISM, Spinoza's pantheistic 260, 262; various forms of 493 seq.; idealistic 494; materialistic 495 seq.; the double-aspect or identity-hypothesis 505 seq., 509-516; Höffding's and conservation of energy 517-523; and agnosticism 524.
MORAL faculty 334 seq.; sense 336; intuition and instinct 337; sentiments 337, 342, 440; obligation and free-will 398 seq., 405.
MOTIVE 380; and intention 384.
MOVEMENT, sense of 75-77; faculty of analyzed 210; automatic, reflex, impulsive 211, 212, 218; development of voluntary 212 seq.; random and instinctive 213; voluntary 216; classified 218; ideomotor 2I8.
MUSCULAR sense 49, 74-78.

NAMES and conception 302, 455.
NATIVISTIC theory of perception 130, 135.
NATURAL SELECTION 588. See Evolution.
NATURE 393, 558, 559.
NECESSARY TRUTHS, Kant's view 119, 266-269, 282; associationist 282-286; evolutionist 286-289; intuitionalist 289-291.
NERVOUS system described 44-46.
NEW SPINOZISM 261, 505. See Monism.
NOMINALISM 248, 272-278.
NON-EGO 104-107.
NOUMENA, Kant's view 117 seq., 266-277; knowledge of 158, 280.

OBJECT, objective, subjective 1, 13 seq.
OBLIGATION, consciousness of 336 seq., 440; and free-will 398, 399.
OBLIVISCENCE 206.
OCCASIONALISM 258, 259, 553, 554.
ONTOLOGY 3, 5; ontological proof of immortality 533 seq.; ontologism 258-260.
OPTIMSM 263.
ORECTIC or conative. See Appetency.
ORGANIC sensations 69 seq., 78.
ORGANICISM, physico-chemical 548.

PANTHEISM 485, 486. See also Monism.
PASSION 221, 425, 426, 444.
PATHOLOGY, mental 16, 17, 487 seq.; cerebral 566.
PERCEPTION and sensation 49; by species 51 ; validity of 98, 102; nature of 101 seq.; immediate and mediate 102; theories of 108 seq.; development of 125 seq.; ractual 127 seq.; visual 135 seq.; auditory I45; gustatory and olfactory 146; and instinctive belief 549; and imagination 163; intellectual 23I seq.; of relations 244 seq., 272 seq.; intuitive of necessary truths 289.
PERIPATETIC. See Scholastic.
PERSON 104, 558, 559.
PERSONALITY, double 487-492. See Person.
PHANTASM I63, 236-238, 274-277, 306 seq.
PHENOMENA. See Noumena.
PHILOLOGY and Psychology. See Language.
PHILOSOPHY, meaning of 3 seq.; and science g; and psychology of perception 98 seq., 110 seq.; of free-will 394 seq.; of the mind 460 seq. See Metaphysics.
PHRENOLOGY 564 seq.
PHYSIOLOGY 9, 15, 43, 150, 188, 193, 365, 420, 465, 496 seq., 541, 547.
PLASTIC MEDIUM theory 554.
PLAY-IMPULSE 212, 215.
PITY, analysis of 430-432.
PLEASURE-PAIN of sensations 78, 82-88; Aristotle's doctrine 222 seq. ; other theories 226 seq. and attention 353; and desire 379.
POSITIVISM 279-281.
POWER, Mental. See Faculty.
PRE-ESTABLISHED Harmony 262-264, 554.
PRIMARY qualities of matter 152-157.
PSYCHOLOGY, defined 1; scope 2 seq., 460; its relation to philosophy 3 seq., 98 seq., 394, 460; to logic 7, 325 ; ethics 8, 338 seq., 398 seq., 529 seq.; physiology 9, 43 seq.; method and sources of 11 seq., 460; comparative and animal 15, 579 seq.; experimental I7, 54-62; attacks on 19 seq.; Kant's 267-269; rational 5, 6, 18, 459 seq.; importance of 3, 4, 460.
PSYCHOMETRY and psychophysics 17, 18, 48, 54-62.
PSYCHOPHYSICAL - PARALLELISM, of Leibnitz 264, 554; of Monists 505 seq., 515; of ultra-dualists 553, 554.
PRACTICAL reason. See Conscience.
PURPOSE 385.

QUALITY of sensation 46, 58, 78, 80, 82.
QUANTITY of sensation 48, 54 seq.

RATIONAL or spiritual activity, 30, 31, 229 seq.
REACTION-TIME, 59-62.
REALISM, theories concerning material world 100 seq.; transfigured 122; concerning universal ideas 247 seq., 255.
REASON, meaning of 230; Kant on 230, 267; moral 334 seq.
REASONING 320 seq.
RECOLLECTION or reminiscence 179, 197.
RECOGNITION 195, 464 seq.
REFLEX ACTION 46, 211, 218, 389, 589.
REFLEXION, intellectual 238, 361 seq.
RELATIVITY of sensation 90-92; of knowledge 92, 157 seq., 280; law of 90, 274, 275.
REMINISCENCE 179. See Recollection.
REMORSE 400, 401, 428, 44!.
REPRESENTATION. See Ideas.
REPRODUCTIVE imagination 165; faculty 180.
RESPONSISILITY 402-404, 441.
RETENTION and recollection 179; theories of 192 seq.; relation to attention 352; and identity of mind 464 seq.; and James' theory 480 seq.
RIVALRY, feelings of 434, 435.

SCEPTICISM 99 seq.
SCHOLASTIC doctrine on, division of faculties 33, 34; perception by specieS 51-54; relativity of sensation 91, of knowledge 160; internal senses 92-95; primary and secondary qualities of matter 153; imagination 164; reminiscence 180; retention 192; sensuous and intellectual memory 198, 199; mental association 201-203; appetency 208, 395; universal ideas 248-250; necessary truth 289-291; intellectual abstraction 305-313; judgment 316; ConScience 335; knowledge of the soul 364, 365; time 347; emotion 426; substance 462; incorruptibility of soul 533-5 37; definition of life 551;; union of body and soul as matter and form 555-557; origin of soul 576; on instinct 587; animal souls 593. See also Aquinas in Index of Authors.
SELF and Mind 1, 2, 104, 558; cognition of 362 seq., 474 seq., 558; abstract concept of 365 control of 385 seq.; disruption and mutations of 487 seq.; emotions respecting 427 seq. See also Mind.
SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS 27, 238, 239, 473; development of 365 seq.
SELF-CONSERVATION 212, 215, 227, 450.
SENSATION, indefinable 42; process of 43; quality and quantity 46; objective analysis of 47, 86; and perception 49, 50; measurement of 54 seq.; various kinds of 63 seq.; subjective 572; Balmez on 242 seq.; and attention 345.
SENSE, external and internal 32; described 42; classification of 63, 64; muscular 63, 75; taste 65; smell 67; touch 68; temperature 70; contact 71; sight 83; comparison of various 99; Internal 92; common 93, 96.
SENSIBILITY, absolute 56; common 69; discriminative 73, 77.
SENTIMENT, defined 22!; moral 336, 44!. See Emotion.
SENSUS, internus 92, 95; communis 93; fundamentalis 94; intimus 95.
SIGHT, sense of 83-87, 88; growth of perception by 135-142; binocular 142.
SIMILARITY, association by 180 seq.
SIMPLICITY of conscious states 48, 86, 510-512; of soul 466-469.
SMELL 67, 68, 146, 147.
SOUL, defined 1, 461; more fully 484; by ArIstotle 560; knowledge of 364, 365; substantiality of 461; identity 464; simpllcity 466; immateriality 469; James's attack on 481; immortality $25; incorruptibility 534; individuality 544; unicity 545; vegetative 546; union with body 553; “form” of the living; being 556; locus of 562; origin of 572; evolutionIst view on 578; of animals 593. See also Mind.
SPACE, immediate perception of surface 74, 87, 105 seq., 110 seq., 136-140; real 120, 269; abstract concept of 371.
SPECIES 31-54; 308 seq.
SPIRIT and Mind 1, 2.
SPIRITUAL faculties 30, 31, 229 seq.; soul 469-473.
SPONTANEOUS action 381, 395.
STRIVING faculties 30, 208, 384.
SUB-CONSCIOUS modifications 27, 355-357
SUBJECTIVE, meaning of; method 11, 12; sensation 172; “Aspect” 260 seq.
SUBLIME, the 438, 439.
SUBSTANCE, Hume on 110; Kant on 267, 269; genesis of notion 299, 368; validity 462 seq.; complete and incomplete 558; and essence 559.
SUGGESTION 181. See Association.
SUPPOSITUM 558, 559.
SYMPATHY analysed 430-432.
SYNDAERESIS 335.
SYNTHESIS, in judgment 316; in reasoning 320.
SYNTHETIC, a priori judgments 266, 281, 282.

TABULA RASA, mind a 271, 306.
TACT 323; nature of 332.
TASTE 65, 66.
TELEOLOGICAL, Idealism 263; proof of immortality 526 seq.
TEMPERAMENT 393.
TEMPERATURE, sense of 70.
THINGS. IN - THEMSELVES. See Noumena.
THOUGHT, supra-sensuous 231 seq., 470; development of 292 seq.; and language 302; judicial 314; ratiocinative 320; logic and psychology of 325
TIME, Kant on 117, 121; cognition of 372 seq.; Aquinas on 372, 374.
TOUCH, sense of 68 seq.; development of 127 seq.; and sight 141.
THRESHOLD of consciousness 56.
TRADUCIANISM 573.
TRANSCENDENTAL, unity of apperception 266; truths 291.
TRANSFIGURED REALISM 122-124.

UNCONSCIOUS mental processes 27, 355; Leibnitz on 263.
UNDERSTANDING 23 seq.; Kant on 267.
UNITY OP CONSCIOUSNESS 240, 366, 382, 468; and duality of 466; double 487-492.
UNIFORMITY of nature 376, 423.
UNIVERSAL ideas. See Concepts.
UTILITARIANISM 338.

VALIDITY and genesis of cognition 98, 257; of beliefs 283, 286; of conscience 338-34 I.
VEGETATIVE faculties 33, 357; soul 546 seq., 556, 576.
VERBUM MENTALE 310.
VIS, aestimativa and cogitativa 93 seq., 569, 587.
VISION, en Dieu 258. See Sight.
VITAL sense 69; principle 546.
VITALISH 518, 545-552.
VOLITION, and attention 346; and desire 384. See Will.
VOLUNTARY movement 210 seq., 217; belief 333, 334; attention 347, 406-408; action 395

WILL and cognition 39, 40; and belief 327, 333; and conception of causality 369; volition and desire 384, 417; fiat of 219, 382; freedom of 394 seq.; spirituality of 473.
WIT and Humour 170, 171.
WONDER, emotion of 433.