St. Thomas Aquinas and Medieval Philosophy

Chapter I: The Rise of Scholasticism -- St. Anselm (1034-1109)

Scholasticism.
What Scholasticism is not.
What is Philosophy?
Periods in History of Philosophy.
Saint Anselm.
Arguments to Prove the Existence of God.
Disputes about Universals.
Nominalists.
Conceptualists.
Realists.
William of Champeaux.
Kant.
Traditionalism and Ontologism.
St. Anselm's Works.

Chapter II: Dangers and Abuses of Scholasticism -- Abelard (1079-1142)

History not Feared.
First Mistakes.
Scholastic Subtleties.
Abelard.
Forerunners of Abelard.
Abelard's Career.
Attacks His Masters.
Anselm of Laon.
Abelard Lectures on Theology.
Abelard Condemned.
St. Bernard Appears.
Repentance and Death.
Errors of Abelard.
Good Resulting from Abelard's Career.

Chapter III: The Experimental Sciences -- Albertus Magnus -- Roger Bacon

Cultivation of Experimental Sciences Not the Highest Perfection.
Church Not Opposed To Science.
Pius IX.
Leo XIII.
Thirteenth Century.
Time Necessary for Proficiency in the Natural Sciences.
Two Great Medieval Scientists.
Albert the Great.
Albert's Scientific Knowledge.
Legends about Albert.
Writings of Bacon.

Chapter IV: Condition of Philosophy in the Thirteenth Century -- What St. Thomas Found at Paris

St. Thomas Goes to Paris.
Albertus Magnus and St. Thomas Practical Men.
The University of Paris.
What St. Thomas Found at Paris.
The Thirteenth Century.
Intellectual Activity and Progress.
Scholasticism.
Advantages of the New System.
University Colleges.
The Sorbonne.
Evils of the New System.
John of Salisbury and the "Cornificians."
Rationalism in the Schools.
Raymond Lullus.
Abelard.
Averroes.
Pantheism.
David of Dinant.
Decree Against Aristotle.
Remedy for Evils.
Light in the Darkness.
Aristotle to be Christianized.

Chapter V: Influence of St. Thomas on Philosophy

Providence Rules the World.
Predecessors and Contemporaries of St. Thomas.
Leo XIII on St. Thomas.
Newman's Definition of a Great Mind.
Reconciliation of Faith and Reason in the Thirteenth Century.
Choice of Aristotle as Model.
Text of Aristotle Corrected and Purified.
Averroes Annihilated.
Soul is the Form of the Human Body.
Pantheism Refuted.
Rationalism Rejected
Distinction Between Natural and Supernatural.
No Opposition Between Faith and Reason.
Faith and Reason United in Harmony.
Faith Protects Reason from Error.
Widens the Field of Investigation.
What Reason Should Do For Faith.
Reason Proves the Preambles of Faith.
Reason Explains and Develops the Doctrine Revealed.
Reason Defends Faith.
St. Thomas Proves the Preambles.
St. Thomas Explains and Develops Faith.
St. Thomas Defends Faith.

Chapter VI: The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas

The Summa and the Catechism.
Lacordair compares the Summa to the Pyramids.
When did St. Thomas resolve to write the Summa?
Origin of the Summa.
Influence of Albertus Magnus on St. Thomas.
The Summa written for Beginners.
Question I. Sacred Doctrine.
What is Scholastic Theology?
Plan of the Summa.
General Outlines.
Subdivision; 1a Pars.
2a Pars.
3a Pars.
The Style of the Summa.
Sound Judgment.
No Excellence Without Labor.
Scripture.
Tradition.
Philosophers.
Popes, Universities and Religious Orders.
Council of Trent.
Vatican Council.
Should the Summa be Considered a Miracle.

Chapter VII: Specimen Pages from the Summa Theologica of St. Thomas

The Cicerone's Humble Declaration.
Difficulty of Choosing Specimens.
Division of the Summa Recalled.
Principles of Pedagogy.
Prologue to the Summa.
Hints to Teachers. Avoid Useless Questions.
Order.
Avoid Repetitions.
Teaching and Learning.
St. Thomas and the Necessity of Revelation.
Ontologism and Kantism.
St. Thomas and Interpretation of Scripture.
Human Acts, Virtues and Vices, Original Sin, Law, Grace.
Best Form of Government.
Infallibilty of the Pope.
Infidels Not to Be Forced to Believe.
Children of Jews and Infidels.
The Incarnation.
Baptism.
The Eucharist.
St. Thomas and the Encyclicals of Leo XIII.

Bibliography