Source Code

orbit.cc:

// Peter Bui
// CSE 40166 Computer Graphics (Fall 2010)
// Example 12: orbit
 
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>

#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif

using namespace std;

// Constants -------------------------------------------------------------------

#define WHEEL_UP    3
#define WHEEL_DOWN  4

#define CAMERA_DISTANCE_MIN  50.0
#define CAMERA_DISTANCE_MAX 500.0

// Global variables ------------------------------------------------------------

static size_t WindowWidth  = 640;
static size_t WindowHeight = 480;

static GLint  MouseX = 0;
static GLint  MouseY = 0;

static double CameraLatitude  = 45.0; 
static double CameraLongitude = 25.0;
static double CameraDistance  = 175.0;

static double EyeX = -100.0;
static double EyeY = 50.0;
static double EyeZ = 100.0;

static double SunAngle = 0.0;
static double SunScale = 25.0;

static double EarthRevAngle  = 0.0;
static double EarthSpinAngle = 0.0;
static double EarthScale     = 10.0;
static double EarthDistance  = 2.0 * SunScale;

static double MoonRevAngle  = 0.0;
static double MoonSpinAngle = 0.0;
static double MoonScale     = 2.5;
static double MoonDistance  = 1.25 * EarthScale;

static GLint FrameRate = 30;

static bool AnimationOn = true;

// Update camera ---------------------------------------------------------------

void
update_camera_location()
{
    // Based on some magical math:
    // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_canonical_coordinate_transformations#From_spherical_coordinates
    // and some help from Dr. John Stewman

    double L = CameraDistance * cos(M_PI*CameraLongitude/180.0);

    EyeX = L * -sin(M_PI*CameraLatitude/180.0);
    EyeY = CameraDistance * sin(M_PI*CameraLongitude/180.0);
    EyeZ = L * cos(M_PI*CameraLatitude/180.0);

    glutPostRedisplay();
}

// Initialize scene ------------------------------------------------------------

void
init_scene()
{
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

    glViewport(0, 0, WindowWidth, WindowHeight);

    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluPerspective(45.0, (GLdouble)WindowWidth/(GLdouble)WindowHeight, 1.0, 750.0);

    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    
    GLfloat diffuse0[]  = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
    GLfloat ambient0[]  = { 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 1.0 };

    glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
    glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);

    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuse0);
    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambient0);

    glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL) ;
    glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);

    update_camera_location();
}

// Display callback ------------------------------------------------------------

void
display()
{
    GLfloat position0[] = { EyeX, EyeY, EyeZ, 1.0 };

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, position0);

    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluLookAt(EyeX, EyeY, EyeZ, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);

    // Sun cube
    glColor3f(0.9, 0.3, 0.0);
    glPushMatrix(); {
        glRotatef(SunAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
        glScalef(SunScale, SunScale, SunScale);
        glutSolidCube(1.0);
    } glPopMatrix();
    
    // Earth cube
    glColor3f(0.0, 0.4, 0.8);
    glPushMatrix(); {
        glRotatef(EarthRevAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
        glTranslatef(EarthDistance, 0.0, EarthDistance);

        glPushMatrix(); {
            glRotatef(EarthSpinAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
            glScalef(EarthScale, EarthScale, EarthScale);
            glutSolidCube(1.0);
        } glPopMatrix();
    
        // Moon cube
        glColor3f(0.8, 0.8, 0.8);
        glPushMatrix(); {
            glRotatef(MoonRevAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
            glTranslatef(MoonDistance, 0.0, MoonDistance);
            glRotatef(MoonSpinAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
            glScalef(MoonScale, MoonScale, MoonScale);
            glutSolidCube(1.0);
        } glPopMatrix();
    } glPopMatrix();

    glutSwapBuffers();
}

// Reshape callback ------------------------------------------------------------

void
reshape(GLsizei nw, GLsizei nh)
{
    WindowWidth  = nw;
    WindowHeight = nh;
    
    init_scene();
}

// Keyboard callback -----------------------------------------------------------

void
keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
    if (key == 'q' || key == 'Q')
        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

    if (key == ' ')
        AnimationOn = !AnimationOn;
}

// Special callback -----------------------------------------------------------

void
special(int key, int x, int y)
{
    switch (key) {
        case GLUT_KEY_LEFT:  CameraLatitude  -= 1.0; break;
        case GLUT_KEY_RIGHT: CameraLatitude  += 1.0; break;
        case GLUT_KEY_UP:    CameraLongitude -= 1.0; break;
        case GLUT_KEY_DOWN:  CameraLongitude += 1.0; break;
    }
    
    update_camera_location();
}

// Mouse callback --------------------------------------------------------------

void
mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
    MouseX = x;
    MouseY = y;

    switch (button) {
        case WHEEL_UP:
            CameraDistance = (CameraDistance > CAMERA_DISTANCE_MIN ? CameraDistance - 1.0 : CAMERA_DISTANCE_MIN);
            break;
        case WHEEL_DOWN:
            CameraDistance = (CameraDistance < CAMERA_DISTANCE_MAX ? CameraDistance + 1.0 : CAMERA_DISTANCE_MAX);
            break;
    }
    
    update_camera_location();
}

// Motion callback -------------------------------------------------------------

void
motion(int x, int y)
{
    CameraLatitude  += 180.0*(double)(x - MouseX)/WindowWidth;
    CameraLongitude += 180.0*(double)(y - MouseY)/WindowHeight;
    
    update_camera_location();
    
    MouseX = x;
    MouseY = y;
}

// Timer callback --------------------------------------------------------------

void
timer(int value)
{
    if (AnimationOn) {
        SunAngle = (SunAngle < 360.0 ? SunAngle + 1.0 : 1.0);

        EarthSpinAngle = (EarthSpinAngle < 360.0 ? EarthSpinAngle + 1.0 : 1.0);
        EarthRevAngle  = (EarthRevAngle  < 360.0 ? EarthRevAngle  + 2.0 : 1.0);

        MoonSpinAngle  = (MoonSpinAngle < 360.0 ? MoonSpinAngle + 2.0 : 1.0);
        MoonRevAngle   = (MoonRevAngle  < 360.0 ? MoonRevAngle  + 4.0 : 1.0);
    }

    glutPostRedisplay();
    glutTimerFunc(1000/FrameRate, timer, 0);
}

// Main execution --------------------------------------------------------------

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
    glutInitWindowSize(WindowWidth, WindowHeight);
    glutCreateWindow("orbit");
    glutDisplayFunc(display);
    glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
    glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
    glutSpecialFunc(special);
    glutMouseFunc(mouse);
    glutMotionFunc(motion);
    glutTimerFunc(1000/FrameRate, timer, 0);

    init_scene();

    glutMainLoop();

    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

// vim: sts=4 sw=4 ts=8 ft=cpp

Files

• Makefile
• orbit.cc